Flight Physics
LIFT
DRAG
THRUST
WEIGHT
Four forces
work together to determine an aircraft’s behavior.
-
Takeoff and Landing
-
Straight and Level Flight
-
Climbing / Descending Flight
-
Turning
Lift is vital to ensuring sustained flight. It is mostly generated by the wings, but smaller elements of lift are generated by the horizontal stabilizer and even the fuselage.
Weight, the more items on board the aircraft, and the greater their mass, the greater their weight.
Thrust acts in a forward direction and is normally generated by the airplane engine.
Drag acts in a rearward direction, opposite to the direction in which the aircraft is traveling.
Aerofoil
Air
How does it stay in the air?
The answer is LIFT.
Aerofoil is the cross-sectional shape of an object whose motion through a gas is capable of generating significant lift, such as a wing, a sail, or the blades of propeller, rotor, or turbine.
As a wing moves through air, the air splits and flows both over and under the wing. The difference in the movement of the air on top of the wing and below the wing generates lift
There are two explanations for the causes of lift
Less Force from air
Aerofoil
Fast Air = Low Pressure
Slow Air = High Pressure
More Force from air
Pressure Differences
Air pressure - when air moves over a wing, the layer of air is squeezed into a smaller area. As a result, the speed of the air increases and the pressure of the air decreases. The opposite occurs below the wing. The air is squeezed less, resulting in slower moving air that has higher pressure.
Leading Edge
Angle of Attack
Positive
Chord Line
Trailing Edge
Direction of Motion
Deflection
As air passes along a wing, some of the air is directed downward.
When the leading edge of the wing points upward, such as when the aircraft is climbing, it creates a positive angle of attack. Angle of attack is the angle between the chord linechord line and the direction of motion. Since air is being deflected downward by the wing, there is lift.
The opposite is also true. When the wings point downward (a negative angle of attack), there is less lift and the aircraft goes down.
nose up or down
axis running from wing to wing
YAW
PITCH
ROLL
nose left or right
axis running up and down
rotation
axis running from nose to tail
Throttle Up
Throttle Down
Roll Left
Roll Right
Pitch Down
Pitch Up
Yaw Right
Yaw Left
MODE 2
Three dimensions
Throttle
Yaw
Rear
Front
Pitch
Left
Right
Roll
FPV Betaflight
Reverse Motor /Prop
Motor spinning direction
✘ = high speed
1
2
3
4
